Showing posts with label groundwater. Show all posts
Showing posts with label groundwater. Show all posts

Saturday, August 19, 2017

"Colossal Fraud": Lawsuit Accuses Poland Spring Of Selling Groundwater

Ever wonder if that bottled mineral water you just spent several dollars on is really mineral water? According to a bombshell new lawsuit filed this week, at least in the case of one company it isn"t.


A group of bottled water drinkers has brought a class action lawsuit against Nestle, the company which owns Poland Spring, alleging that the Maine business has long deceived consumers by mislabeling common groundwater. The lawsuit was filed on Tuesday in a Connecticut federal court and accuses Nestle Waters North America Inc. of a “colossal fraud perpetrated against American consumers” the Bangor Daily News reports.


The plaintiffs claim that falsely labeling its "groundwater" product as pure spring water allowed Nestle to sell Poland Spring water at a premium; as a result the consumers who brought the legal action are seeking at least $5 million in monetary damages for a national class and several state subclasses. They requested a jury trial. The civil suit was brought by 11 people from the Northeast who collectively spent thousands of dollars on Poland Spring brand water in recent years. It seeks millions of dollars in damages for a nationwide class and hinges on whether the sources of Poland Spring water meet the Food and Drug Administration’s definition of a spring.


The 325-page lawsuit, which was filed by lawyers from four firms, claims that none of the company’s Maine water sources meets the federal definition for spring water and that the company has “politically compromised” state regulators. Rather than spring water, Nestle Waters is actually purifying and bottling groundwater, some of which comes from sites near waste and garbage dumps, the suit claims. The legal challenge comes as Nestle is looking to expand its operations in Maine.





For instance, the suit claims that the company’s wells in Poland, Maine, have never been scientifically proven to be connected to a spring and draw in surface water, which cannot legally be called spring water. It further alleges that the company has put water from some of these wells through a purification process that disqualifies it as spring water under federal regulations.



The suit makes similar claims about Poland Spring water sources in Hollis, Fryeburg, Denmark, Dallas Plantation, Pierce Pond Township and Kingfield.



Poland Spring has gotten away with this deception for years, the suit claims, by co-opting state regulators and interweaving its interests with those of state government. Since 1998 the company has generated millions of dollars for Maine through licensing agreements, and since 2003 it has had an executive on the governor-appointed body that oversees the state drinking-water regulation enforcement agency, the suit states.





The court complaint further says that the Maine Drinking Water Program scientist who approved many of the company’s spring water permits spent a decade working with this executive at a private engineering firm and that the agency failed to get independent proof of the springs’ existence.



In response to the lawsuit, a Nestle Waters spokesperson said that its water meets all relevant federal and state regulations on the classification and collection of spring water and that the suit is “an obvious attempt to manipulate the legal system for personal gain.”


“The claims made in the lawsuit are without merit. Poland Spring is 100 [percent] spring water.”


This is not the first time that Nestle Waters has faced such allegations. In 2003, it settled a class action lawsuit alleging that Poland Spring water doesn’t come from a spring. In that case, the company did not admit the allegation but agreed to pay about $10 million in discounts to consumers and charity contributions. In other words, pulling a page from Wall Street, it neither admitted, nor denied guilt.


The full lawsuit is below

Thursday, July 20, 2017

Officials Investigate Toxins in Water Under Tennessee Power Plant

State officials and the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) have announced the discovery of high levels of arsenic and lead in groundwater beneath the Allen Fossil Plant, located in southwest Memphis. Officials found the toxins in wells where pollution from ponds containing leftover coal ash is monitored. The Allen Fossil Plant, you see, is powered by coal.


In one well, arsenic levels were found to be more than 300 times the federal drinking-water standard. The 50-foot-deep monitoring wells are about a half-mile from considerably deeper wells drilled by the TVA directly into the Memphis Sand aquifer. The TVA has a plan in place to dump 3.5 million gallons of water out of the aquifer per day in 2018 to cool a natural gas power plant that will replace the aging Allen plant.


Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation spokesman Eric Ward says he is “confident the contaminants found in TVA wells at the Allen Fossil Plant are not impacting drinking water” because of a layer of clay that separates the groundwater from the aquifer.




Despite Ward’s assurances, the department asked the city’s water utility, Memphis Light, Gas & Water (MLGW), to test drinking water. It further instructed the TVA, which has had problems handling coal ash in the past, to pinpoint where the toxins originated.


A TVA spokesman says the company doesn’t know where the arsenic and lead are coming from.


Mayor Mark Luttrell expressed alarm and anger over the high levels of toxins, saying:


“The levels of arsenic in the water samples are not acceptable to our community.”


The Sierra Club is calling for additional water testing and believes TVA should immediately contract MLGW to cool their new plant with municipal water.


Handling coal ash ponds is not the TVA’s biggest strength, to say the least. Environmental groups have sued the company over allegations that its coal ash ponds from its coal-fired power plant in Gallatin, Tennessee, are seeping pollution into the Cumberland River, violating the Clean Water Act.


Environmental groups want the waste at the Gallatin Fossil Plant to be dug up and transplanted elsewhere. TVA, however, maintains that it’s both cheaper and safer for the waste to stay put.


Fox 13 in Memphis took 2 samples of groundwater from an area of the city called Boxtown and had them tested in mid-July 2017. [2]


Michael Kauffman, the chemist who oversaw the tests, said:


“All we can tell you is there’s no arsenic that we were able to find. Beyond that, MLGW or someone else would have to provide you information with how good the drinking water is.”


MLGW is testing its wells, and the results should become available soon.


Sources:


[1] The Associated Press


[2] Fox 13 Memphis



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About Mike Barrett:


Author Image
Mike is the co-founder, editor, and researcher behind Natural Society. Studying the work of top natural health activists, and writing special reports for top 10 alternative health websites, Mike has written hundreds of articles and pages on how to obtain optimum wellness through natural health.

Sunday, June 18, 2017

More Wildlife Fish are Experiencing ‘Intersex’ – What Could be Causing This?

More wildlife are experiencing strange reproductive abnormalities, but why? In a study released last year, the U.S. Geological Survey and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFW) tested male smallmouth and largemouth bass from 19 National Wildlife Refuges. The researchers found that 85% of the smallmouth bass “had signs of female reproductive parts.” Of the largemouth bass, 27% were intersex. What could be causing this?


Luke Iwanowicz, a USGS research biologist and lead author of the paper, says:


“It is not clear what the specific cause of intersex is in these fish. This study was designed to identify locations that may warrant further investigation. Chemical analyses of fish or water samples at collection sites were not conducted, so we cannot attribute the observation of intersex to specific, known estrogenic endocrine—disrupting chemicals.”





Referencing an older study also examining examining Intersex occurrence in freshwater fishes in the U.S. between 1995 and 2004, Fred Pinkney, a USFWS contaminants biologist and study coauthor, said:


“The results of this new study show the extent of endocrine disrupting chemicals on refuge lands using bass as an indicator for exposures that may affect fish and other aquatic species. To help address this issue, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service encourages management actions that reduce runoff into streams, ponds and lakes — both on and off of refuge lands.”


Possible Chemical-Culprits


As Pinkney mentioned, chemical runoff could be a real issue here. There are a number of chemicals and contaminants that could be contributing to these reproductive problems, including:


Glyphosate and atrazine are 2 agricultural chemicals made by Monsanto and Syngenta. These widely-used chemicals leak into U.S. lakes, rivers, streams, and reservoirs. Multiple studies also show that they are endocrine disruptors that may negatively affect reproductivity. [1]


According to a fact sheet on atrazine from Michigan State University:


“Atrazine is used on crops such as sugarcane, corn, pineapples, sorghum, and macadamia nuts, and on evergreen tree farms and for evergreen forest regrowth. It has also been used to keep weeds from growing on both highway and railroad rights-of-way. Atrazine can be sprayed on croplands before crops start growing and after they have emerged from the soil.”


The herbicide then seeps into lakes and waterways. Some of it moves from the surface into deeper soil layers, where it contaminates the groundwater.


MSU continues:


“Only a few reports are available that examine the health effects of atrazine in humans. Some of these reports suggest that atrazine could affect pregnant women by causing their babies to grow more slowly than normal or by causing them to give birth early. However, the women in these studies were exposed to other chemicals in addition to atrazine, so it is not known how or if atrazine may have contributed to these effects.


Atrazine has been shown to cause changes in blood hormone levels in animals that affected ovulation and the ability to reproduce. These effects are not expected to occur in humans because of specific biological differences between humans and these types of animals. Atrazine also caused liver, kidney, and heart damage in animals; it is possible that atrazine could cause these effects in humans, though this has not been examined.”


Glyphosate – the other hormone disruptor –has been found in human urine, blood, and even breast milk, as corroborated by three different studies. Although biotechnology company Monsanto refutes the evidence of glyphosate’s possible negative impact on reproduction (based on non-human studies), other studies have shown that the chemical could hamper the reproductive systems of animals, including female Jundiá, zebrafish, and rats. [2] [3] [4]


Still, some research suggests that it may not be the worst culprit:


“The primary objective of our study was to measure the stress response in juenile largemouth bass, micropterus salmoides, that were exposed to the following aquatic herbicides: diquat, endothall, 2,4-D, fluridone, and glyphosate (Rodeo).


An analysis of glucose and osmolality levels showed that the intensity and the rate of occurrence of the stress response varied with each herbicide. These differences were also associated with the concentration of the herbicide and the length of exposure. Of the five herbicides tested, glyphosate elicited the lowest stress response in the bass. This response was not related to either dose or exposure period … 2,4-D elicited the most intense stress response in the bass … The magnitude of the stress response was greater for 2,4-D than for any other herbicide tested.


The results of this study suggest that of the aquatic herbicides tested, glyphosate and endothall may be the least stressful herbicide to juvenile largemouth bass.”





The quantity of glyphosate in the environment has been difficult to analyze due to its physicochemical properties, such as its relatively low molecular weight and low organic solvent solubility.


However, an innovative study used a magnetic particle immunoassay to test for the presence of glyphosate in roughly 140 samples of groundwater from Catalonia, Spain. The analysis, published in the journal Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, found that glyphosate was present “above the limit of quantification” in 41% of the samples. This indicates that “despite manufacturer’s claims, it does not break down rapidly in the environment, and is accumulating there in concerning quantities.”


Needless to say, more research is needed.


The earlier referenced study examining Intersex occurrence in freshwater fishes in the U.S. between 1995 and 2004 mentions other chemicals, though doesn’t pinpoint them as the causes:


“Total mercury, trans-nonachlor, p,p′-DDE, p,p′-DDD, and total PCBs were the most commonly detected chemical contaminants at all sites, regardless of whether intersex was observed.”


What we can probably conclude is that the presence of these endocrine disruptors in our most protected waters – those of our National Wildlife Refuges – is likely threatening wildlife, and we should take further measures to protect the animals and environment as a whole.


Sources:


Environmental Health News


[1] Toxics.usgs.gov


[2] Pubmed/21783773


[3] Pubmed/24364672


[4] ScienceDirect



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About Mike Barrett:


Author Image
Mike is the co-founder, editor, and researcher behind Natural Society. Studying the work of top natural health activists, and writing special reports for top 10 alternative health websites, Mike has written hundreds of articles and pages on how to obtain optimum wellness through natural health.

Monday, March 27, 2017

Maryland House Overwhelmingly Votes to Ban Fracking

On March 10, Maryland’s House of Delegates passed legislation to ban hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, 97 to 40. The bill’s next hurdle is the Senate, where a key lawmaker has resisted efforts to permanently prohibit the practice. [1]



Senator Joan Carter Conway, a Democrat from Baltimore, chairs the Senate committee tasked with reviewing the proposal. She has said she sees no point in trying to get the legislation to Governor Larry Hogan’s desk until both legislative chambers can approve it with enough majorities to avoid a veto. She said that without enough votes to override a veto, it would make more sense to simply extend a moratorium on fracking. [1], [2]




Hogan supports fracking as long as Maryland implements strong safety measures for the gas-extraction method. [1]


The 141-member House needs 85 votes to override a veto from the governor, and the 47-member Senate requires 29 notes to do so. Anti-fracking advocates say they’re a few votes short of that number in Senate.


Mike Tidwell, director of the Chesapeake Climate Action Network, said:


“If Joan Carter Conway declared today that she too supports a ban, then it’s going to go to Hogan’s desk, because not only will we have her vote, but several people have said they’ll support it if she does.” [1]


There is no hydraulic fracturing currently occurring in the state; but without a ban, fracking would be permitted in Maryland after October 2017, which would mark the end of a two-year moratorium on the practice. Conway has proposed a bill that would extend the moratorium another two years and require counties to hold referendums in 2018 on whether to allow the drilling method. [1], [3]


Garrett and Allegany counties are considered the parts of the state that are most likely to have gas deposits that could be reached by fracking. [2]


The majority voted to ban the technology after being shown scientific proof that fracking increases the risk of earthquakes, water contamination, and health problems in areas where the practice is permitted. [2]


Fracking’s Bad Record


Hydraulic fracturing is the practice of injecting water, sand, and chemicals deep within shale rock to release oil and natural gas. The technology has the potential to cause groundwater contamination, methane pollution, air pollution, exposure to toxic chemicals, and explosions. Moreover, each fracking operation requires millions of gallons of water. [4]


In 2013, several people were injured by an explosion at a natural gas well site in West Virginia. The explosion reportedly occurred when


“a spark triggered a flash explosion and a fire after a problem during the ‘flow back’ process when drilling fluids are pumped into storage tanks.”


In March of 2016, a federal jury ordered Cabot Oil & Gas to pay $4.24 million to two Dimock, Pennsylvania, families for Cabot’s pollution of their well water since 2008.




Source: U.S. News & World Report

And in 2014, 585 fracking-related earthquakes measuring 3.0 or larger on the Richter scale rocked the state of Oklahoma – three times the number that struck California. Experts fear the state could be rocked by a massive man-made earthquake at any time.


Sources:


[1] The Washington Post


[2] The Baltimore Sun


[3] Chesapeake Physicians for Social Responsibility


[4] Carleton University


U.S. News & World Report



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About Julie Fidler:


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Julie Fidler is a freelance writer, legal blogger, and the author of Adventures in Holy Matrimony: For Better or the Absolute Worst. She lives in Pennsylvania with her husband and two ridiculously spoiled cats. She occasionally pontificates on her blog.